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How to Avoid Tearing in Childbirth: Evidence-Based Prenatal and Labor Strategies

"Minimizing perineal trauma during vaginal delivery involves a combination of targeted prenatal tissue conditioning and optimal positioning during labor. Evidence-based strategies—such as perineal massage from the 34th week of pregnancy, warm compresses applied during the second stage of labor, controlled maternal pushing, and upright or side-lying delivery positions—significantly reduce the incidence of severe perineal lacerations and episiotomies. Understanding the anatomical structures of the pelvic floor and how tissues stretch during childbirth forms the foundation for any effective prevention plan. Perineal trauma ranges from first-degre..."

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